悠游读书会--"When women stop reading, novel will be dead.": January 2012

请点击这里进入本书讨论

我们印象中的海明威是个热衷于竞技斗牛，深海捕鱼，丛林狩猎的铿锵硬汉。他身高马大，留着落腮胡子，称自己为Papa。大概对他的认识就此为止了。

在《流动的盛宴》里我们会看到不同的海明威。书中记载了作者二十年代在巴黎与他第一任妻子共渡大约五年的时光。当时二十出头的海明威还是一个身无分文，穷困潦倒，初出茅庐的年轻作家。有时竟会吃不饱，为养家糊口而操心。

然而生活的清贫没有使这对年轻人气馁，青春和爱情在他们一边。朋友们的关爱和支持对海明威写作的成熟起了不菲的作用。

这是一个完全不同的海明威：他的创作天赋汩汩如泉涌，尚取之不绝，用之不尽；他还没有因成就而沾沾自喜；没有一茬一茬地更换配偶；没有遭受疾病，衰老的困扰，没有受到丧失记忆的威胁，当然，这都将是后话了。

如何读这本书的一些想法：

阅读版本：我们读的是1964年版，中文也是据1964版本翻译的。公共图书馆可以借到2009年由海明威的孙子整理后出版的Restored edition book-on-CD。你们会发现the restored edition 有19个故事，而1964年版本有20个故事，而且故事的顺序和内容也不太相同。关于两个版本的争议和海明威家族中的是非曲直可以写篇论文。如果有谁感兴趣，可以作为一个topic来讲给大家听。

本读书会以1964年版本为准。为了方便大家阅读方便，特印出1964年版英文和相应的中文译本目录.

阅读方法： 巴黎的生活对海明威一生有着重要的影响, 书中提到众多海明威同时代的人, 他们大多数背井离乡去欧洲大陆，在这片神奇的沃土上寻求自由，从而重新发现自我，再创造自我，进而成为世界文坛、艺坛上的先驱者。《流动的盛宴》就像一本素描画册，之中人物鲜活，呼之欲出；所写市井民风，跃然纸上。

准备把这本书当作不仅仅讲海明威一人的故事来读，我们还可以把它当做是有关现代艺术，现代文化诞生地巴黎的故事来读。

让我们走进海明威，走进20年代躁动的巴黎，去细细品味精神的大餐。

作业：

A. 来自巴黎的明信片--记得读书会读的第一本书是海明威的《老人与海》。一晃儿四年多过去了，当时大雁老师悄悄地分题到人，让我们谁都不知道别人的问题是什么。这次咱也东施效颦。我把《流动的盛宴》中提到的比较举足轻重的人物挑选了若干个，让大家来认领一两个”回家”, 好好呵护，与他/她交友，然后介绍给大家，发给大家的明信片上只是照片和编号，没有写上名字，目的是卖个小小的关子，如果你想知道的明信片上人物，就赶快着手读书吧。有几个明信片还没有发下去，1 月11日没有到场的同学，如果你打算2月22日来参加的话，请到我这里领取作业。（Nobody is left out）

B. 问问题：采取随问随答形式（Googlgroup)，用英文，中文既可。我先抛砖引玉，放在这里几个问题，请大家边读，边谷歌，边想，边问，边写，边交友。

1. 为什么二十世纪二十年代的巴黎吸引了这么多的文化人，包括画家，音乐家，作家等。你能说出几个吗？有一个词儿是专门用来指这些侨居美国人的，你知道是那个词儿吗？
e--Expatriate -- 竹林子

2.以海明威为代表的一个美国文学流派叫什么，你能讲讲它的由来吗？

-- 迷惘的一代（The Lost Generation）第一次世界大战后美国的一个文学流派。20年代初，侨居巴黎的美国作家格·斯泰因对海明威说：“你们都是迷惘的一代。”海明威把这句话作为他第一部长篇小说《太阳照常升起》的题词，“迷惘的一代”从此成为这批虽无纲领和组织但有相同的创作倾向的作家的称谓。-- 紫罗兰

3. 书中有一个故事里谈到同性恋的问题，指出在那个故事里，谁说的，你同意吗？这么多年来对Gay的态度是不是一成不变的？（这个问题专家多讲讲）

-- 我不是专家。这是在第二章“Miss Stein Instructs”里谈到的吧。当海明威和Miss Stein关系进展到比较亲密的程度时，她发现海明威对同性恋有一定偏见，就试图改变他的看法。她觉得男同性恋是恶心的，他们自己也看不起自己，所以就喝酒吸毒麻醉自己，还不停地换伴侣，永远不会真正开心。而女同性恋就不同，他们不做恶心的事，他们可以得到真正的幸福。我没有太多了解，但我觉得男女同性恋都应该是一样的吧。我知道的几对都过得挺不错的，不分男女。Miss Stein听上去主观偏激。-- 挠挠

4.       在20年代的巴黎，大概有几个地点是侨居的美国人聚集的地方，也可以叫做沙龙的地方，你能指出来吗?

-- 我想是3个地方：1. Miss Stein的工作室，2. 诗人庞德的工作室，3. Shakespeare and Company -- 挠挠

5.       也许是巧合，在我出这个问题时（2011年12月15日）突然在广播里听到“有一个不太有名的名人”昨天在巴黎去世，享年98岁。他不属于海明威那一代，本人也不会在书里面被提到，但是他一生经营的实体在《流动的盛宴》里是十分重要的。猜得出这个实体是什么吗？-- George Whitman, Shakespeare and Company. 请读详细介绍 -- 潇竹

6.       所谓盛宴当然提到吃喝，你能指出几处海明威对食物的描写吗？

-- in Chapter 14, the man who was marked for death. He described the expensive flat oysters in the most expensive restaurant in the Boulevard St-Michale quarter. "I began my second dozen of the flat oysters, picking the from their bed of crushed ice on the sliver plate, watching their unbelievably delicate brown edges react and cringe as I squeezed lemon juice on them and separated the holding muscle from the shell and lifted the to chew them carefully." -- 挠挠

-- Hunger was good discipline, ... The Pommes 'a l' huile were firm and marinated and the olive oil delicious.I ground black pepper over the potatoes and moistened the bread in the olive oil. After the first heavy draft of beer I drank and ate very slowly. When the Pommes 'a l' huile were gone I ordered another serving and a cervelas. This was a sausage like a heavy, wide frankfurter split in two and covered with a special mustard sauce. " -- 萤火虫

-- 'We can have two drinks' 'Then we can eat somewhere.' 'No. Don't forget we have to pay the library.' 'We'll come home and eat here and we'll have a lovely meal and drink Beaune from the co-operative you can see right out of the window there with the price of the Beaune on the window. And afterwards we'll read and then go to bed and make love.''And we'll never love anyone else but each other.' 'No. Never.''What a lovely afternoon and evening. Now we'd better have lunch.'
The way they think, talk about food sounds like Eat-Read-Love to me, 不富有，但很充实，评幸福感 9分。-- 雪

7.       据海明威说，保尔·塞尚的绘画对他影响不小，你知道他说的是塞尚的那一副/几幅？你认为影响在哪呢？

-- I only know Mont Sainte-Victoire, now at the Philadelphia Art Museum, was owned by Paul Rosenberg in Paris until 1936 -- 潇竹

-- The House of the Hanged Man was painted in 1873 and depicts a picturesque cottage situated in Auvers near the Rue de Four. Despite the title, no suicide or hanging is known to have taken place there. Supposedly, the house had been owned by a Breton man named Penn’Du, which closely sounds like the French word for hanged man - Pendu.

Cezanne’s vision in this picture is no less unique than the method he used to paint it. The House of the Hanged Man depicts a landscape devoid of human presence and is depicted as an abandoned habitation, isolated, with cracked walls. The house seems almost to be an aberration of the natural terrain, emerging forth from the hillside. On the left side of the painting, the red and black roofs of the nearby village almost seem like a beacon of civilization. The sky occupies only a small area in the upper part of the painting.

This painting is a key work in Cezanne’s career and is widely regarded by art historians as a masterpiece of Cezanne’s Impressionist period.

8.       有许多人给予海明威以帮助和指导，从他在书中对他们的描写，你总结出海明威对朋友的态度吗？

-- 海明威对朋友的态度 - 海明威似乎不是一个非常宽容大度的人。他对Mrs. Stein, Zelda & Scott Fitzgerald，Anderson Sherwood还有许多我不参考书就说不出名字的朋友的描述让你难以对他们产生敬意。我没有看过这些人的书，但我如果看过，还喜欢这些作者的话，我可能会不太舒服。他对这么多朋友的微辞让我对他的为人有一点点怀疑。也许这就是他为什么在生命的晚期才完成这本书的缘故？反过来讲，他这样坦率直接地描写他身边的人，讲出他心里真正的想法，又是难能可贵的，世界上本无完人。谁又有资格对他的真实想法说三道四呢？

9.       海明威强调写作应该注意什么，他是如何做的？他的经验对今后的作家有用吗？（这个问题要好好问问屯里的作家们）
-- Starts with the first true simple declarative sentence. Then make the stories have the dimensions with those simple true sentences.-- 潇竹
-- "you could omit anything if you knew that you omitted and the omitted part would strengthen the story and make people feel something more than they understood"-- 萤火虫
-- “I was writing about up in Michigan and since it was a wild, cold blowing day it was that sort of day in the story. I had already seen the end of fall come through boyhood, youth and young manhood, and in one place you could write about it better than in another. That was called transplanting yourself, I thought, and it could be as necessary with people as with other sorts of growing things.-- 萤火虫
-- I always worked until I had something done and I always stopped when I knew what was going to happen next. That way I could be sure of going on the next day.-- 萤火虫

-- After writing a story I was always empty and both sad and happy, as though I had made
love, and I was sure this was a very good story although I would not know truly how
good until I read it over the next day. -- 雪